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Power Integrations Inc. |
TOP412/414
TOPSwitch® Family
Three-terminal DC to DC PWM Switch
®
Product Highlights
Low Cost Replacement for Discrete Switchers
• Up to 15 fewer components - cuts cost, increases reliability
• Allows for a smaller and lighter solution under 12 mm
height, all surface mount components
Over 80% Efficiency in Flyback Topology
• Built-in start-up and current limit reduce DC losses
• Low capacitance MOSFET cuts switching losses
• CMOS controller/gate driver consumes only 7 mW
• 70% maximum duty cycle minimizes conduction losses
Simplifies Design - Reduces Time to Market
• Integrated PWM Controller and high power MOSFET
• Only one external capacitor needed for compensation,
bypass and start-up/auto-restart functions
System Level Fault Protection Features
• Auto-restart and cycle by cycle current limiting functions
handle both primary and secondary faults
• On-chip latching thermal shutdown protects the entire
system against overload
Highly Versatile
• Implements Buck, Boost, Flyback or Forward topology
• Easily interfaces with both opto and primary feedback
• Supports continuous or discontinuous mode of operation
• Specified for operation down to 16 V DC input
Description
The TOPSwitch family implements, with only three terminals,
all functions necessary for a DC to DC, converter: high voltage
N-channel power MOSFET with controlled turn-on gate driver,
voltage mode PWM controller with integrated 120 kHz oscillator,
high voltage start-up bias circuit, bandgap derived reference,
bias shunt regulator/error amplifier for loop compensation and
fault protection circuitry. Compared to discrete MOSFET and
controller or self oscillating (RCC) switching converter solutions,
a TOPSwitch integrated circuit can reduce total cost, component
count, size, weight and at the same time increase efficiency and
system reliability. This device is well suited for Telecom,
Cablecom and other DC to DC converter applications up to
VO
VIN D
TOP414
CONTROL
C
S
Figure 1. Typical Application.
PI-2371-120198
Output Power Capability1-4
MINIMUM
INPUT
VOLTAGE
18 VDC
24 VDC
36 VDC
48 VDC
60 VDC
72 VDC
90 VDC
ORDER PART NUMBER
TOP412G
TOP414G
3W
5W
7W
9W
12 W
15 W
18 W
4W
6W
9W
12 W
15 W
18 W
21 W
Table 1. TOP412/414 Output Power.
Notes: 1. Assumes maximum junction temperature of 100 °C
2. Assumes output of 5 V and
(645 mm2), 2 oz. copper clad
K(6R1P0ofg0m.4/m3m. S2)o4ld. eTrehdetcoo1nstiqn.uinocuhs
power capability in a given application depends on thermal
environment, transformer design, efficiency required, input storage
capacity, etc.
21W of output power. Internally, the lead frame of the
SMD-8 package uses six of its pins to transfer heat from the chip
directly to the board, eliminating the cost of a heat sink.
April 1999
TOP412/414
CONTROL
VC
ZC
SHUNT REGULATOR/
ERROR AMPLIFIER
-
+ 5.7 V
5.7 V
4.7 V
0
1
SHUTDOWN/
AUTO-RESTART
+
-
POWER-UP
RESET
EXTERNALLY
TRIGGERED
SHUTDOWN
IFB THERMAL
SHUTDOWN
INTERNAL
SUPPLY
÷8
RQ
SQ
OSCILLATOR
DMAX
CLOCK
SAW
-
+
PWM
COMPARATOR
SQ
RQ
RE
Figure 2. Functional Block Diagram.
DRAIN
+
- VILIMIT
CONTROLLED
TURN-ON
GATE
DRIVER
LEADING
EDGE
BLANKING
MINIMUM
ON-TIME
DELAY
SOURCE
PI-1746-011796
Pin Functional Description
DRAIN Pin:
Output MOSFET drain connection. Provides internal bias
current during start-up operation via an internal switched high-
voltage current source. Internal current sense point.
CONTROL Pin:
Error amplifier and feedback current input pin for duty cycle
control. Internal shunt regulator connection to provide internal
bias current during normal operation. Trigger input for latching
shutdown. It is also used as the supply bypass and auto-restart/
compensation capacitor connection point.
SOURCE Pin:
Output MOSFET source connection. Primary-side circuit
common, power return, and reference point.
SOURCE 1
SOURCE 2
SOURCE 3
CONTROL 4
8 SOURCE (HV RTN)
7 SOURCE (HV RTN)
6 SOURCE (HV RTN)
5 DRAIN
G Package (SMD-8)
Figure 3. Pin Configuration.
PI-2208-120798
2A
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